足利義満（あしかがよしみつ）は室町幕府の第3代征夷大将軍（在位1368年-1394年）である。官位は従一位太政大臣、贈正一位。封号は日本国王。幼名を春王という。父は室町幕府第2代将軍・足利義詮で、母は紀良子。正室は大納言日野時光の娘である日野業子で、後光厳天皇の寵姫である日野宣子の介添えで義満の室となる。その後、業子のあとは業子の姪である日野康子が正室となる（のちの北山院）。側室は足利義持と足利義教の生母・藤原慶子、足利義嗣の生母・春日局(足利義満側室)など。義満が御所を北小路室町へ移したことにより、義満は「室町殿」とも呼ばれた。のちに足利将軍を指す呼称となり、政庁を兼ねた将軍邸は後に歴史用語として「室町幕府」と呼ばれることになった。1358年（正平13年/延文3年）に生まれる。足利尊氏の死から丁度100日目のことである。義満が幼少の頃の室町幕府は吉野朝廷との抗争が続き、さらに足利氏の内紛である観応の擾乱以来、幕政をめぐる争いが深刻さを増していた。やがて政争で失脚した細川清氏などの有力武将が南朝勢力に加担し、1361年（正平(日本)16年/康安元年）には清氏や南朝の楠木正儀らに京都を占領され、義満は赤松則祐の居城播磨国白旗城へ避難を余儀なくされた。翌年には幕府・北朝側が京都を奪還したため帰京しているが、帰途で摂津の国に泊まった際にその場所の景色が良い事が気に入り、「ここの景色は良いから、京都に持って帰ろう。お前らが担いで行け」と家臣らに命じ家臣らはその希有壮大さに驚いたという。1367年（正平22年/貞治6年）に父・義詮が病により死去すると、義満は11歳で3代将軍となる。1368年（正平23年/応安元年）に評定始が行われ、1369年（正平24年/応安2年）には正式に将軍に就任した。幕政は管領の細川頼之をはじめ、足利一門の守護大名が主導することにより帝王学を学ぶ。頼之は応安大法を実施して土地支配を強固なものにし、京都や鎌倉の五山制度を整えて宗教統制を強化した。また南朝最大の勢力圏であった九州に今川貞世（了俊）・大内義弘を派遣して、南朝勢力を弱体化させ幕府権力を固める。1374年（文中3年/応安7年）には日野業子を室に迎える。さらに京都の支配を強化するために、1370年（応安3年）に朝廷より山門公人（延暦寺及びその支配下の諸勢力及びその構成員）に対する取締権を与えられた。1378年（天授(日本)4年/永和(日本)4年）には幕府を三条坊門より北小路室町に移した。移転後の幕府は後に花の御所と呼ばれ、その所在地により室町幕府と呼ばれるようになる。朝廷と幕府に二分化されていた京都の行政権や課税権なども幕府に一元化するとともに、守護大名の軍事力に対抗しうる将軍直属の常備軍である奉公衆や奉行衆と呼ばれる実務官僚を整備する。また、1385年（元中2年/至徳(日本)2年）には東大寺・興福寺参詣、1388年（元中5年/嘉慶(日本)2年）には駿河国で富士山を遊覧し、1389年（元中6年/康応元年）には安芸国厳島神社参詣などの権力示威行為（デモンストレーション）も行っている。1379年（天授5年/康暦元年）、義満は反頼之派の守護大名である斯波義将や土岐頼康らに邸を包囲され頼之の罷免を求められ、頼之は罷免される（康暦の政変）。後任の管領には義将が任命され、幕政の人事も斯波派に改められる。頼之に対しては追討令が下されるが翌年には赦免されて宿老として幕政に復帰しており、また政変後に義満の将軍権力が確立している事から斯波・細川両派の抗争を利用して相互に牽制させていたと考えられている。頼康の死後、分裂して争う土岐氏の内紛につけ込んで土岐氏を討伐した（土岐康行の乱）。1391年（元中8年/明徳2年）には山名氏の内紛に介入し、11か国の守護を兼ねて「六分一殿」と称された有力守護大名・山名氏清を挑発して挙兵させ、同年12月に討伐する（明徳の乱）。義満は祖父・足利尊氏や父を越える内大臣、左大臣へ就任し官位の昇進を続けた。1383年（弘和3年/永徳3年）には武家として初めて源氏長者となり淳和・奨学両院別当を兼任、准三后の宣下をうけ、名実ともに公武両勢力の頂点に上り詰めた。1392年（元中9年/明徳3年）には南朝勢力が全国的に衰微したため義満は大内義弘を仲介に南朝方と交渉を進め、持明院統と大覚寺統が交互に即位する事（両統迭立）や諸国の国衙領を全て大覚寺統の所有とする事（実際には国衙領はわずかしかなかった）などの和平案を南朝の後亀山天皇に提示し、後亀山が保持していた三種の神器を持明院統の後小松天皇に接収させて南朝が解消されるかたちでの南北朝合一を実現し58年にわたる朝廷の分裂を終結させる。義満と対立して後小松天皇に譲位していた後円融天皇が1393年（明徳4年）に死去し、自己の権力を確固たるものにした義満は1394年（応永元年）には将軍職を嫡男の足利義持に譲って隠居したが、政治上の実権は握り続けた。同年、従一位太政大臣にまで昇進する。翌年には出家して道義と号した。義満の出家は、征夷大将軍として武家の太政大臣・准三后として公家のそれぞれの頂点に達した義満が、残る寺社勢力を支配する地位をも得ようとしたためであると考えられている。義満の出家に際して、斯波義将をはじめ多くの武家や公家が追従して出家している。1395年（応永2年）には九州探題として独自の権力を持っていた今川貞世を罷免する。1399年（応永6年）には西国の有力大名・大内義弘を挑発し義弘が堺市で挙兵したのを機に討伐し（応永の乱）、西日本で義満に対抗できる勢力は排除された。義満は若年の頃から明への憧憬が深く早くから日明通交を望んでいたが、明側では南朝の懐良親王を「日本国王良懐」として日本における唯一の正規な通交相手として認めていたため、かなわなかった。南北朝合一後、「日本国征夷将軍源義満」名義で交渉を始めようと試みるが、明側は陪臣との通交は認めないため天皇の臣下と名乗る者からの使者は受け入れられなかった。そこで義満は出家し、太政大臣も辞した「日本国准三后源道義」の名義で1401年（応永8年）に博多の商人肥富と僧祖阿を使節として明に派遣する。ようやく明の建文帝によりそれまでの懐良親王に代わって日本国王に冊封され、明の大統暦が授与され国交が正式に樹立した。明の皇帝に朝貢する形式をとった勘合貿易を1404年（応永11年）から始め、また明に要請されて倭寇を鎮圧した（なお、返礼の使者を送るまでに靖難の変が起き、建文帝から永楽帝に皇帝が変わっていた）。遣唐使の廃止以来、独自の小中華思想に基づく孤立政策を採っていた公家社会では明皇帝の臣下となる朝貢貿易に対して不満や批判が多くあったが、義満の権勢の前では公な発言ができず日記などに記すのみであった。明の文化に心酔していた義満は明の太祖・洪武帝にあやかって日本の年号にも「洪」の字を使うよう朝廷へ圧力をかけたが、上記の理由もあり朝廷側が拒否したため実現しなかった。機嫌を損ねた義満は以後、逆に自分の生きている間には年号を変えさせなかったため応永年号は明治以前では最も長い年号となった。1397年（応永4年）には西園寺公経から京都北山の「北山弟」（ほくさんてい）を譲り受け、舎利殿（金閣）を中心とする山荘（「北山第」（きたやまてい）または「北山殿」（きたやまどの）、後の鹿苑寺）を造営した。この時代の文化を、武家様・公家様・唐様（禅宗様）が融合した北山文化と呼ぶことも多い。1408年（応永15年）、急病のために死去、享年51（満49歳没）。法名：鹿苑院天山道義。義満の死後には朝廷から「鹿苑院太上法皇」の称号を贈られるが、4代将軍となった子の義持は斯波義将らの反対もあり辞退している（その一方で相国寺は受け入れたらしく、過去帳に「鹿苑院太上天皇」と記されている）。義満は生前から義持と折り合いが悪かったとされ、対朝廷・公家政策、守護大名統制政策、明との勘合貿易などの外交政策をはじめとする義満の諸政策は義持によって一旦は否定された。また義満の遺産である北山第も金閣を除いて義持によって破却された。義持は義満が偏愛した義満の次男・足利義嗣が出奔した際に、謀反を企てたとして殺害している。のちに義嗣の子孫は越前に下り、子孫は鞍谷御所とよばれるようになった。6代将軍となった子である足利義教は義満の政策を踏襲した施政をはじめるが、嘉吉の乱で赤松満祐に暗殺されたことで頓挫する。孫の8代・足利義政も祖父や父の政治を引き継ごうとしたが、応仁の乱や側近政治の中で嫌気が差し政権運営への情熱をなくしてしまう。また義満の治世に従順であった有力守護大名も、再び幕府に対して反抗的な態度をとりはじめる。田中義成、今谷明らは義満が皇位簒奪する意図を持っていたのではないかとする説を唱えており、これを受けて作家の海音寺潮五郎、井沢元彦らは義満の死が突然だったため、これは義満の皇位簒奪を阻止するための暗殺ではないかとの意見を提示している。義満は早くから花押を武家用と公家用に使い分けたり、2番目の妻である康子を後小松天皇の准母（天皇の母扱い）ついで女院にしたり、公家衆の妻を自分に差し出させたりしていた。また祭祀権・叙任権（人事権）などの諸権力を天皇家から奪い、死の1ヶ月前の1408年（応永15年）4月には宮中において次男・義嗣の元服を親王並みに行った。これらは義満が皇位の簒奪を企てていたためであり、明による日本国王冊封も当時の明の外圧を利用しての簒奪計画の一環であると推測している。また暗殺説を取る各氏は、簒奪を阻止しようとした朝廷側による毒殺であると疑っている（井沢は著作で犯人を世阿弥と推理）。また、他には義満の義嗣偏愛によって将来が不安視された義持の陣営による暗殺と見る説もある。しかし、当時の公家の日記などには義満の行為が皇位簒奪計画の一環であるとしたりその死を暗殺と疑った記録はなく、皇位簒奪計画や義満暗殺の直接の証拠はない。なお、皇位簒奪とは義満みずからが天皇に即位するわけではなく治天の君（実権をもち院政を行う上皇のこと）となって王権（天皇の権力）を簒奪することを意味している。次男・義嗣を天皇にして、自らは天皇の父親として上皇になろうとしたというのである今谷は義満は中国（明）の影響を強く受けていたが、易姓革命思想ではなく当時流行した『野馬台詩』を利用していたのではないかと推測する。この詩は予言として知られており、天皇は100代現在では後小松天皇が100代目とされている。しかし当時は弘文天皇、淳仁天皇、仲恭天皇の即位を認めておらず、また室町幕府は当然北朝を正統としていたから後小松天皇で99代目となる。ただし、観応の擾乱正平一統による後村上天皇への一時的な統一を認めるならば後小松天皇でやはり100代目になる。で終わり、サルやイヌがヒーローを称した末に日本は滅ぶと解釈できる内容だった。「終末論天皇」と呼ばれる天皇が100代で終わるという終末思想は慈円『愚管抄』などに記録されており、幅広く浸透していたことが推測できる。鎌倉公方の足利氏満は申年（しかし現在では亥年生まれとされる）生まれ、義満は戌年生まれだから猿や犬とは2人のことであるという解釈もされていた。また井沢は、源氏物語をヒントにしているのではないかと推測している。※（）旧暦1367年1月7日（正平21年/貞治5年12月7日(旧暦)）、従五位下に叙す。12月24日（正平22年/貞治6年12月3日(旧暦)）、正五位下に昇叙。12月28日（12月7日）、左馬頭に任官。1368年5月2日（正平23年/応安元年4月15日(旧暦)）、元服し、義満と名乗る。1369年1月28日（正平23年/応安元年12月30日(旧暦)）、征夷大将軍宣下。1374年1月7日（文中2年/応安6年11月25日(旧暦)）、従四位下に昇叙し、参議に補任。左近衛中将を兼任。1375年12月13日（天授元年/永和元年11月20日(旧暦)）、従三位に昇叙。参議左近衛中将如元。1378年4月21日（天授4年/永和4年3月24日(旧暦)）、権大納言に転任。9月19日（8月27日(旧暦)）、右近衛大将兼任。1379年1月2日（天授4年/永和4年12月13日(旧暦)）、従二位に昇叙。権大納言右近衛大将如元。2月4日（天授5年/康暦元年1月6日(旧暦)）、右馬寮御監兼務。1380年2月11日（天授6年/康暦2年1月5日(旧暦)）、従一位に昇叙。権大納言右近衛大将如元。1381年8月13日（弘和元年/永徳元年7月23日(旧暦)）、内大臣に転任。右近衛大将如元。1382年2月9日（弘和2年/永徳2年1月26日(旧暦)）、左大臣に転任。右近衛大将如元。3月4日（1月19日(旧暦)）、蔵人別当兼務。5月11日（3月28日(旧暦)）、牛車を許される。5月24日（4月11日(旧暦)）、後円融院別当兼務。1383年2月16日（弘和3年/永徳3年1月14日(旧暦)）、源氏長者、淳和奨学両院別当兼務。7月26日（6月26日(旧暦)）、准三宮宣下。1384年4月8日（元中元年/至徳元年3月17日(旧暦)）、右近衛大将辞任。1388年6月30日（元中5年/嘉慶2年5月26日(旧暦)）、左大臣辞任。1393年2月7日（元中9年/明徳3年12月26日(旧暦)）、左大臣還任。1393年10月22日（明徳4年9月17日(旧暦)）、左大臣辞任。1395年1月8日（応永元年12月17日(旧暦)）、征夷大将軍辞職。1月16日（12月25日(旧暦)）、太政大臣に転任。6月20日（応永2年6月3日(旧暦)）、太政大臣辞任。7月7日（6月20日(旧暦)）、出家（道有を号し、のち、道義と改める）。1402年8月20日（応永9年9月5日(旧暦)）、明より日本国王に封ぜらる。1408年5月31日（応永15年5月6日）、薨去。6月3日（5月9日(旧暦)）、太上天皇追号（幕府が辞退）。父：足利義詮（2代将軍）母：紀良子（側室）兄弟姉妹千寿王丸柏庭清祖足利満詮廷用宗器女子（宝鏡寺殿。恵昌?）正室：日野業子（日野時光娘）女子正室：日野康子（日野資康娘）側室：藤原慶子（安芸法眼娘）足利義持（4代将軍）足利義教（6代将軍）女子（入江殿聖仙）側室：加賀局（長快法印女）尊満（友山清師）男子（宝幢若公）側室：春日局（摂津能秀女）足利義嗣側室：寧福院殿女子（大慈院聖久）側室：藤原量子側室：藤原誠子梶井義承側室：慶雲庵主（大炊御門冬宗女）女子（光照院尊久）側室：高橋殿側室：池尻殿女子虎山永隆（以下生母不明の子女）仁和寺法尊大覚寺義昭本覚院満守女子（法華寺尊順）女子（六角満綱正室）女子（摂取院主）女子（宝鏡寺主）九条満家二条満基足利満兼赤松満祐一色満範斯波満種少弐満貞畠山満家細川満元細川満之六角満綱六角満高臼井信義『足利義満』（吉川弘文館人物叢書、1989年（平成元年）新装版）isbn4642051503今谷明『室町の王権足利義満の王権簒奪計画』（中公新書、1990年（平成2年））isbn4121009789佐藤進一『足利義満中世王権への挑戦』（平凡社ライブラリー、1994年（平成6年））isbn4582760627井沢元彦『天皇になろうとした将軍それからの大平記足利義満のミステリー』（小学館文庫、1998年（平成10年））isbn4094023011井沢元彦『逆説の日本史（7）中世王権編太平記と南北朝の謎』（小学館文庫、2003年（平成15年））isbn4094020071北方謙三『陽炎の旗』（新潮社／新潮文庫、1991年（平成3年））安部龍太郎『バサラ将軍』（文藝春秋『室町花伝』／文春文庫『バサラ将軍』収録、1995年（平成7年））平岩弓枝『獅子の座足利義満伝』（中央公論新社／文春文庫、2000年（平成12年））坂口尚『あっかんべェ一休』（講談社、1993～1996年（平成5～8年））1975年～1982年（昭和50～57年）に放映されたtvアニメ『一休さん』（東映動画製作）では、将軍として義満（声優：キートン山田）が登場する。一休宗純を参照。

yoshimitsu ashikaga was the 3rd seii taishogun of the muromachi shogunate and reigned from 1368 to1394 .official rank : juichii daijodaijin ( chancellor of the realm ) and zoshoichiititle of nobility : monarch of japanchildhood name : haruohis farther was the 2nd shogun , yoshiakira ashikaga , and his mother was ki no yoshiko .his wife was nariko hino , a daughter of the dainagon ( great councilor ) tokimitsu hino , and she became his wife thanks to the arrangement and support of a beloved princess of the emperor go-kogon , senshi hino .after that , yasuko hino ( later kitayamain ) , her niece , became his wife after the death of nariko .his concubines were fujiwara no keishi ( yoshiko ) - mother of yoshimochi ashikaga and yoshinori ashikaga - and kasuga no tsubone ( a concubine of yoshimitsu ashikaga ) - mother of yoshitsugu ashikaga - among others .yoshimitsu was also called " muromachi-dono " ( lord muromachi ) , because he moved the imperial palace to kitakoji muromachi .later , " muromachi-dono " became the designation for the ashikaga shogun , and his government office-cum-residence was called " muromachi bakufu , " which has been used ever since as a historical term to indicate muromachi shogunate .he was born in 1358 .it fell precisely on the 100th day after the death of takauji ashikaga .when yoshimitsu was young , there were constant struggles between the muromachi shogunate and the yoshino imperial court , and moreover , since the kanno disturbance , an internal conflict of the ashikaga family , had occurred , the strife between the shogunate and the court intensified .kiyouji hosokawa and other potential military commanders supported the southern imperial court , and in 1361 , when kiyouji and masanori kusunoki of the southern imperial court occupied kyoto , yoshimitsu was obliged to escape to the shirahata castle in harima province .the following year , he returned to kyoto as the alliance of the shogunate and northern court recaptured the capital . on the way back to kyoto , when he spent a night in settsu province , he liked the scenery and said to the vassals , " there is very fine scenery here , let 's carry it back to kyoto ." you should carry it on your shoulders , " and the vassals , listening to him , were said to be very surprised at his grandiose thinking .after his farther yoshiakira died from an illness in 1367 , yoshimitsu became the 3rd shogun at the age of 11 .in 1368 the hyojohajime was celebrated , and in 1369 he was installed as shogun .while the administration of the shogunate was led by shugo daimyos of the ashikaga clan , including yoriyuki hosokawa , who were in charge of kanrei , he studied imperial governance .yoriyuki implemented oan no taiho , a land expropriation law , to consolidate land management , and developed the five mountain system in kyoto and kamakura to strengthen control over religion .he also dispatched sadayo ( ryoshun ) imagawa and yoshihiro ouchi to kyushu , where the southern court dominated , to debilitate its influence and consolidate the power of the shogunate .in 1374 , he welcomed yoriko hino as his wife .in 1370 , in order to strengthen control over kyoto , the court gave him authority to control the sanmon kunin ( a clique of influential people of enryaku-ji temple and its affiliates , as well as member of the temple )in 1378 , the shogunate was moved from sanjo bomon to kitanokoji muromachi .the shogunate , after the move , was nicknamed " hana no gosho " ( flower palace ) , and also called the muromachi bakufu ( shogunate ) after its new location .the administration and taxation authorities , which had been divided between the court and the shogunate , were integrated and a unit called hokoshu or bugyoshu was organized to handle practical matters , and was a standing army comparable to the shugo daimyo 's army in military strength .he also undertook the following actions to demonstrate his power : visit to todai-ji temple and kofuku-ji temple in 1385 , sight-seeing trip to mt . fuji in suruga province in 1388 , visit to itsukushima shrine in aki province in 1389 .in 1379 , yoshimitsu 's residence was surrounded by the anti-yoriyuki shugo daimyos such as yoshiyuki ( yoshimasa ) shiba and yoriaki toki , who requested that he dismiss yoriyuki , and consequently yoriyuki was dismissed ( koryaku political change ) .yoshimasa succeeded to the post of kanrei and personnel matters were taken over by the shiba clique .the shogunate issued an order to hunt and kill yoriyuki , but the following year pardoned him and after that he was included again in the administration with the post of shukuro , and during this period yoshimitsu was able to establish his power as shogun ; and based on these facts we can assume that he might have intended to make use of the rivalry between the two factions , shiba and hosokawa , to get them to contain each other .after the death of yoriyasu , he subdued the toki clan , taking advantage of the internal conflict while the toki were fighting on two sides .in 1391 , he intervened in the internal conflict of the yamashinas and provoked ujikiyo yamana , a powerful shugo daimyo dominating 11 provinces at that time who was called " rokubun no ichi dono " ( lord of one-sixth of the whole country ) to raise an army to subdue the yamanas .yoshimitsu was again promoted and took the position of naidaijin ( minister of internal affairs ) and sadaijinn ( minister of the left ) , the higher official rankings that his grandfather and his father were not able to achieve .in 1383 he was the first samurai to become genjichoja ( head of the genjis ) , and served concurrently as betto ( supreme officer ) of the junan-in and the shogaku-in , and later he was granted a title " jusango , " and reached the height of power of the samurai as well as the aristocrats .in 1392 , yoshimitsu accelerated negotiations with the southern court with a help of yoshihiro ouchi as an intermediary , as the national influence of the southern court was declining . in the negotiations , he presented several following proposals for reconciliation : the emperor should be selected alternately from the two imperial lineages , jimyoin-to and daikakuji-to ; all the state-owned territories ( of which there was actually very little ) should belong to the daikakuji-to ; the three sacred treasures which were in the possession of emperor go-kameyama should be presented to emperor go-komatsu of the jimyoin-to , so that the southern court would be dissolved . in this way , he achieved integration of the northern and southern courts , and put a stop to the 58 year split between the courts .after emperor go-enyu , who opposed yoshimitsu and abdicated to emperor go-komatsu , died in 1393 , yoshimitsu established his power , and in 1394 , he handed over the post of shogun to his son , yoshimochi ashikaga , and retired , but he continued to hold the real power .the same year , he finally rose to the post of juichii daijodaijin ( chancellor of the realm ) .the following year , he became a priest with a pseudonym , dogi .it is thought that he became a priest in order to gain the ability to control temples and shrines , the remaining sphere he wanted to conquer after reaching the peak of the aristocratic spheres as seii taishogun , taisei daijin and junsangu .following yoshimitsu 's act , many samurai and aristocrats also became priests .in 1395 , sadayo imagawa , who held independent authority as kyushu tandai , was dismissed .in 1399 , he provoked a powerful daimyo in the western region , yoshihiro ouchi , and using the excuse that yoshihiro was taking up arms , he subdued yoshihiro ( war of oei ) , and in this way the influential factions that might oppose yoshimitsu in the western region were eliminated .yoshimitsu , since his younger days , had deeply admired ming , wishing to establish trade between japan and ming . however , the government of ming recognized prince kanenaga sole counterpart for negotiations , therefore , yoshimitsu 's wish was not fulfilled .after the integration of the northern and southern courts , he again intended to negotiate with ming , under the nominal title of " seii shogun of japan , yoshimitsu minamoto , " but the government of ming would not accept an envoy dispatched by someone who presented himself as a vassal of the emperor , because ming traditionally did not trade with any retainer of a vassal .then , yoshimitsu became a priest , and then sent a merchant called koitsumi from hakata city and the priest soa as missionaries to ming in 1401 , with the aristocratic title of " junsangu of japan , michiyoshi minamoto , " instead of using the higher ( but samurai ) title of " taisei shogun . "finally emperor jianwen of ming offered a master-and-man relationship ( sakuho ) to the japanese sovereign instead of to prince kanenaga , with whom ming had wanted to have contact until then , and when ming gave the datongli calendar to japan , the two countries ' diplomatic relations were formally established .in 1404 , he started japan-ming trade that took the form of tribute to the ming emperor . he also was able to suppress japanese pirates ( however , before the ming 's government could dispatch an envoy to convey the emperor 's gratitude to the japanese government , the seinan war broke out in ming , emperor jianwen abdicated , and emperor yongle took the throne ) .after the abolition of the embassies to china , in the japanese aristocratic society , in which an isolation policy was practiced based on a petit sino centrism , there were accumulated discontent with and criticism of the tribute trade because japan was treated as vassal to the emperors of ming ; but , as the aristocrats were not able to speak out publicly in the face of the yoshimitsu 's strong influence , they could do nothing but comment on their dissatisfaction in diaries or other documents .yoshimitsu , who adored ming culture , pressed the imperial court to use the chinese character 洪 in the name of japanese eras after the taizu of ming , emperor hongwu ( 洪武帝 ) , but this was rejected by for various reasons , including the facts mentioned above .yoshimitsu felt offended , and after that , he was never allowed to change the name of the era during his reign , and that is why the oei was the longest era before meiji .in 1397 , he received hokusantei in kitayama , kyoto , from kintsune saionji , and constructed a mountain villa called kitayamatei or kitayamadono ( later rokuon-ji temple ) , placing a reliquary in the center .the culture of this period is called the kitayama culture , where the samurai style , aristocratic style and the tang style ( zen buddhism style ) were merged .in 1408 , he died of a sudden illness in his 51st calendar year ( 49 years old ) .buddhist name : rokuonin tenzan dogi .after the death of yoshimitsu , the title " rokuonin daijohoo ( cloistered emperor ) " was granted from the imperial court , but his son yoshimochi , who became the fourth shogun , declined the offer partly because yoshiyuki ( yoshimasa ) shiba and others opposed accepting the title ( on the other hand , his family temple , shokoku-ji temple seems to have accepted the title and therefore , yoshimitsu 's name is registered as " rokuonin daijo tenno " in the temple 's death register ) .it is said that during his life yoshimitsu did not get along well with his son yoshimochi , and the policies that yoshimitsu introduced , such as the imperial court policy , control of the aristocracy and shugo daimyo , and foreign policy including trade with ming , were denounced by yshimochi .the hokusantei , a heritage left by yoshimitsu , was also destroyed by yoshimochi , except for the kinkaku .in his life , yoshimitsu was extremely partial to yoshitsugu ashikaga , his second son , and when yoshitsugu absconded , yoshimochi accused him of treason and killed him .afterwards , the descendants of yoshitsugu fled to echizen , and they were called " kuradanigosho . "yoshimitsu 's son , yoshinori ashikaga , intended to continue yoshimitsu 's policies when he became the 6th shogun , but he was assassinated by mitsusuke akamatsu during the kakitsu war .yoshimitsu 's grandson , yoshimasa ashikaga who became the 8th shogun , also tried to follow his grandfather and father 's policies , but as he became disgusted with the onin war and the puppet administration controlled by his vassals , he lost enthusiasm for political management .the shugo daimyos , who had served submissively during yoshimitsu 's reign , began to take a defiant attitude toward the government again .yoshinari tanaka , akira imatani , and others propose a theory that yoshimitsu had an intention to usurp the imperial throne ; and based on this theory , some novelists including chogoro kaionji and motohiko izawa present their opinion that yoshimitsu 's sudden death might confirm that he was assassinated to interrupt his plot .yoshimitsu , from his younger days , was accustomed to using wither of two stylized signatures according to the situation , one for samurai affairs and the other for aristocratic affairs . he also made his second wife , yasuko , become the emperor go-komatsu 's junbo ( mother next to the empress , treated as his mother ) , then made her a nyoin ( wife of a former emperor or princess who received the same treatment as emperors ) . he also forced the nobles to offer their wives to him .he also usurped various authorities , such as those for rituals and for personnel affairs , from the imperial family . in april 1408 , one month before his death , he carried out the ceremony of genpuku ( coming-of-age ceremony for boys ) for his second son , yoshitsugu , on a scale comparable to ceremonies for an imperial prince .it is thought that all of this was done by yoshimitsu with the intention of usurping the throne , and becoming ming 's hosaku is also supposed to have been planned as a part of his plot , in order to make use of external pressure on the imperial court .those who support the assassination theory suspect that yoshimitsu was poisoned by the imperial court , who wanted to prevent his usurpation ( izawa deduces in his novel that the assassin was zeami ) .there is another theory in which yoshimochi 's side was worried about the future succession due to yoshimitsu 's excessive partiality to yoshitsugu .however , there were no descriptions in any documents of that period , such as nobles ' diaries , indicating suspicion that the actions taken by yoshimitsu had been a part of his plot or that he was assassinated , and therefore , they cannot offer any direct evidence either .by the way , usurpation here does not mean that yoshimitsu himself wanted to take to the throne , but he wanted to take authority from the emperors by acquiring power as a sort of retired sovereign , and intended to hold real power even after his retirement .he tried to make his second son , yoshitsugu , accede to the throne , while he himself , being his father , intended to be a retired sovereign .imatani supposes that yoshimitsu was strongly influenced by china ( ming ) , but he did not subscribe to idea that incumbent emperors could be overthrown by decree of heaven , instead making use of " yamataishi , " a popular prophecy of the time .this verse is known as a prophecy , where it is predicted that the imperial reign would count 100 emperors , and according today 's study , the emperor go-komatsu is considered to be the 100th emperor .however , because the reigns of the kobun , junnin , and chukyo were not recognized at the time , and the muromachi shogunate naturally saw the northern court as legitimate , emperor go-komatsu was considered to be the 99th .but , if the temporary unification of emperor go-murakami in the shohei unification during the civil war of kanno is counted , then emperor go-komatsu is the 100th emperor .thus , it could be interpreted to mean that japan would be ruined after a monkey or dog had been called a hero .the idea that the imperial reign terminates with the 100th emperor is documented in gukansho by jien and other writings , and is supposed to have been widely accepted .ujimitsu ashikaga , the kamakura kubo , was born in the year of the monkey , according to the chinese zodiac ( nowadays , he is considered to have been born in the year of boar ) , while yoshimitsu was born in the year of dog ; therefore , there was an interpretation that the monkey and the dog represent these two people .on the other hand , izawa supposes that the author might have gotten the hint from the tale of genji .* ( ) : lunar calendarjanuary 7 , 1367 - conferred jugoi no ge .december 24 - promoted to shogoi no jo .december 28 , 1368 - appointed samanokami .may 2 , 1398 - held his coming-of-age ceremony , and took the name yoshimitsu .january 28 , 1369 - declared seii taishogun .january 7 , 1374 - promoted to jushii no ge and given secondary post of sangi .he also took charge of sakone no chusho .december 13 , 1375 - promoted to jusanmi .retained the post of sangi sakone no chushoapril 21 , 1378 - post changed to gon dainagonseptember 19 - also took on post of ukonoe no daishojanuary 2 , 1379 - promoted to juniiretained the post of ukonoe no daishofebruary 4 - also took on post of umeryo gogenfebruary 11 , 1380 - promoted to juichii .retained the post of ukonoe no daishoaugust 13 , 1381 - post changed to naidaijinretained the post of ukonoe no daishofebruary 9 , 1382 - post changed to sadaijinretained the post of ukonoe no daishomarch 4 - also took on the post of kurodo no bettomay 11 - got a permission to use an oxcart .may 25 - also took on the post of go-enyuin bettofebruary 16 , 1383 - also took on the post of genji chojain and junwa shogakuin betto .july 26 - promoted to jusanguapril 8 , 1384 - resigned as ukonoe no daishojune 30 , 1388 - resigned as minister of the leftfebruary 7 - returned to the post of minister of the leftoctober 22 , 1393 - resigned as minister of the leftjanuary 8 , 1395 - resigned as seii taishogun .january 16 - post changed to daijodaijin ( chancellor of the realm )june 20 - resigned as daijodaijin ( chancellor of the realm )july 7 - became a priest ( by the name of doyu , later changed to dogi )august 20 , 1404 - ming designated him as the sovereign of japan .may 31 , 1408 - passed awayjune 3 - the honorary title " daijo-tenno " ( cloistered emperor ) was granted ( although the shogunate declined it )father : yoshiakira ashikaga ( the 2nd shogun )mother : ki no yoshiko ( concubine )brothers and sisterschizuomaruseiso hakuteimitsuakira ashikagasoki teiyofemale ( hokyojidono .( keisho ? )wife : nariko hino ( daughter of tokimitsu hino )femalewife : yasuko hino ( daughter of sukeyasu hino )concubine : fujiwara no keishi / yoshiko ( daughter of aki no hogen )yoshimochi ashikaga ( the 4th shogun )yoshimasa ashikaga ( the 6th shogun )female ( irie-dono seisen )concubine : kaga no tsubone ( daughter of chokai hoin )sonman ( yuzan seishi )male ( hodo jakuko )concubine : kasuga no tsubone ( daughter of yoshihide settsu )yoshitsugu ashikagaconcubine : neifukuin-donofemale ( daijiin shokyu )concubine : fujiwara no kazukoconcubine : fjiwara no seikogijo kajiiconcubine : keiun anshu ( daughter of fuyumune oinomikado )female ( koshoin sonkyu )concubine : takahashi-donoconcubine ( ikejiri-dono )femalekozan eiryu( the following are children whose mothers are unknown )ninna-ji hosondaikaku-ji gishohonkaku-in manshufemale ( hokke-ji sonjun )female ( wife of rokkaku mitsutsuna )female ( chief priestess of settsu-in )female ( chief priestess of hokyo-ji temple )mitsuie kujomitsumoto nijomitsukane ashikagamitsusuke akamatsumitsunori isshikimitsutane shibamitsusada shonimitsuie hatakeyamamitsumoto hosokawamitsuyuki hosokawamitsutsuna rokkakumitsutaka rokkakuusui , nobuyoshi . ( 1989 ) . ashikaga yoshimitsu . yoshikawa kobunkan people series . yoshikawa kobunkan . isbn 4642051503 .imatani , akira . ( 1990 ) . muromachi no oken : ashikaga yoshimitsu no oken sandatsu . chuko shinsho . isbn 4121009789 .sato , shinichi . ( 1994 ) . ashikaga yoshimitsu : chusei oken e no chosen . heibonsha library . isbn 4582760627 .izawa , motohiko . ( 1998 ) . a shogun who wanted to be an emperor : taiheiki thereafter - the mystery of yoshimitsu ashikaga . shogakkan bunko . isbn 4094023011 .izawa , motohiko . ( 2003 ) . paradoxical japanese history ( 7 ) king 's power in the middle ages - the mystery of taiheiki and the southern and northern courts . shogakkan bunko . isbn 4094020071 .kitakata , kenzo . ( 1991 ) . the flag of heat haze . shinchoshaabe , ryutaro . ( 1995 ) . " basara shogun . " muromachikaden . bungei shunju / basara shogun . bunshun bunko .hiraiwa , yumiko . ( 2000 ) . throne of lion - biography of yoshimitsu ashikaga . chuokoron shinsha .sakaguchi , hisashi . ( 1993-1996 ) . akkanbe ikkyu . kodansha .tv animation program . ( broadcast 1975-1982 ) . ikkyu-san ( toei doga ) , wherein yoshimitsu appears as shogun . voice actor : keaton yamada .refer to ikkyu sojun